US coal dynamics reflect long-term shifts in consumption and generation

Line chart showing US coal exports rising from 2000–2024 while imports steadily decline to near zero.

US coal consumption and production have fallen dramatically over the past two decades, with 2024 consumption down 64% from its 2007 peak and output continuing to contract despite recent policy actions. The report shows that ageing coal plants, cheaper natural gas and renewables, and structural market shifts are driving the decline, while federal incentives and executive orders have so far […]

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